Elastic-fluid turbine.



. H. HOLROYD.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE. APPLICATION HLED APR.20, 1911.

Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

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T. H. HOLROYD.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

AYPLIOATION FILED APILZO, 1911. 1,008,824. Patented N0v.14,1911.

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T. H. HOLROYD.

BLASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.20, 1911.

Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

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T. H. HOLROYD. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED APILZO, 1911.

Patented Nov. 14, 1911. I

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ELASTIG FLUID TURBINB.

APPLICATION FILED APB.20, 1911.

Patented NOV. 14, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' TTE sTATns PATENT Frio THOMAS HOWARD HOLROYD, OF RICHMOND, ENGLAND.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS HOWARD HOLROYD, a subject of I-IiseMajest-y the King of England, residing at 34- Morley road, Richmond, in the county of Surrey, Kingdom of England, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Reversible Compound Explosive or Elastic-Fluid-Pressure Turbine, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to iuid pressure turbines of the kind in which the rotor is provided with blades in series and the stator with forward and reverse nozzles arranged in pairs.

Now the present invention has for its object to provide an improved reversible explosive or elastic fluid or fluid pressure turbine wherein blades are formed on the rotor disk of angularly disposed boxes or frames divided into compartments on their sides and open at their inner and outer ends.

The invention consists in the improved construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described, constituting t-he improved reversible elastic fluid turbine.

According to this invention I provide among other features an improved construction of turbine wheel or motor whereby the vanes are adapted for either forward orv reverse running without alteration; an improved arrangement of the motive fluid nozzles and passages; and improvements in construction whereby the turbine wheels may be provided directly with tires or rims for application to the wheels of motor road or rail vehicles, flying machines, vessel propellers, electrical field magnet-sl and armatures or other like uses.

Figure-1 is a plan view of a pair of turbine wheels constructed according to my invention and mounted in combination with an internal combustion pressure generator; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the stator casing; Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the turbine blade wheel and disk; Figs. 6 to 11 are detail views hereinafter referred to, Fig. 6 being a radial section intermediate of two blade boxes shown in Fig. 7 and showing the brake or like rim in place.

In carrying out my invention the outer casing or stator is made up of two or more sections c c suitably bolted or otherwise fastened together so as to provide in cross Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov, 14:, 1911,

Application filed April 20, 1911.

Serial No. 622,399.

section an oval or other shaped annular chamber in which the blades b revolve and a circular inner groove c between gas tight antifriction bearings d in which t-he blade disk b passes. are of special composite construction and may be, as in Figs. 6 to 9, built up on a suitable disk or wheel b of a plurality of angularly disposed metal boxes b which may be dovetailed at b2 to the wheel or shaft disk b and to each other at 63,' a brake or other rim b4 being provided to bind the whole to get-her and give the greatest resistance to the fluid pressure. Or asain Figs. 42, 4, and 5 the whole of the boxes Z) can be made in one piece with the disk b. The blade boxes Z) which are preferably disposed at a suitable angle to the plane of delivery of the jets therefore divide the rotor up into topl or outer l, bottom or inner 2, and one or more intermediate series of compartments or sections 3, 4 and 5 each of which forms a separate chamber on either side of their center or diagonal webs or lines. An appropriate number of lines or series of forward and reverse nozzles g g are provided and are so disposed as to project the ljets into the top 1 and bottom 2, and side line of compartments 3, 4 and 5 formed by the blade ybox b.

The sectional construction of. the blade boxes facilitates connection to the shaft or wheel disk b and disconnection for repair. The wheel disk b and rim b4 are cutaway in parts to admit the dovetails on the blade boxes and allow of their being slid into position around the circumference of the disk, the whole then being keyed firmly, and the said opening filled up to bind the whole together so as to form an even part of the rim, but this sectional arrangement may be readily varied.

The conduits f and nozzles g g protrude from or are otherwise formed with relation to the turbine casing c a. and deliver the motive fluid in either desired forward or backward direction and thevnozzles are s0 arranged as to deliver the energy in a concentrated manner at a suitable angle on to the sides and in to the ends of the blade boxes b. For stopping or for reversing the direction of the turbine any suitable form of cut off and reversing valve can be employed to cut off the supply of fluid to both or either the forward or backwardly disila desired be formed Vindependently around'the turbine circumference according to the -ci rcumstances for which 1t is used. This method of delivering` the motive fluid-.all

around the blades forms an important feature of the turbine construction.

The angular side points or side corners' of the blade boxes may be `cut -off fiat :as shown at h Fig. 7 and are provided with serrated or -small V grooves :radial stria- Vtions which `act as small blades :as the lblade boxes themselves are passing 4the ynozzle orifices and the corner- .points of such '-fiat portions may be curved `over so vas lto form pockets or gripping .edges .for the motive fluid and to prevent its escape 'pa-st `the-edges of the box. yFor securing `the separate blade boxes firmly in `.position .the dovetails may be formed on the members themselves for only dovetailed recesses can V"be made .and intermediate double dovetail :members or dowels z' Fig. l7 employed'therebetween.

An intermediate brake .rim j may be v'provided on the :turbine whe'elior disk b or on its axle boss according to requirements.

In stationary vturbines the `turbine `wheel would be secured to .a Ashaft Je passing out through bearings Z and .stufling boxes 4m in the outer casing but in cases where they .serve as motor '-road, rail or other wheels the rotor b b could be otherwise mounted.

Where the turbine wheelsthemselves .form traction Wheels or the 4armatures of Ia dynamo electric machine the '.tiresor rims b* can be attached directly vto .the turbine wheels b which would be Ymade .to ypass out through an annular opening in the casing a a Figs. 10 and 114. For the `purpose-of holding the two halves of the casing-a a to the wheel rim b4 or other like part, I may (Figs. l() and 11) provide one or more openings in the casings'andthe rim ofthe wheelto allow a segment of dovetail -n 'to be locked into the corresponding dovetails'out in the wheel rim b4 and the parts of the casing, `just sufficient room or gap being :provided :to admit of connection of the respective vend and side dovetails; .metal dovetails n are so arranged as to give vthe greatest resistance to the outward or inward pressure and they are kept stationary by set screws n or the like. The wheel rims b4 revolve freely around the dovetail rings-and the two-halves a a of the turbine 4casing which :could in such case be lbolted together through the lower or inner vpart of the casing.

In Figs. l0 and 11 the motive fluid forward and reverse energy conduits f f are shown formed in the solid turbine casing and arranged one above another and they serve to conduct energy to suitable nozzle jets g g which terminate immediately inblades.

side the turbine casing gpassing through intermittent openings or slots c in the Wheel or other rim b4. rIhese conduits 0 may form in conjunction withth'e wheel rim conduits f a continuation of those on the opposite sides which'lead to the delivery jets of the turbine These conduits 0 across the wheel rim maybe cut in long or short segments of circles and'be supported at intervals by solid 'parts of the wheel rim. The main fluid conduits f may .also ibe carried under and across the inner casing or formed into the youtside ofthe cylinders on which vthey fare arranged or the ymotive `fiuid can be conducted throughseparate portsleading direct from the inside of .the cylinder .to conduits on each side of the turbine casing a a. Extra `circular cut off valves may :be required 'to equalize the delivery of energy to fthe right or left and give an even thrust =all around the blade boxes-.and :their entire circumference. Those conduits :may be placed one above and vone below :the-double dovetail locking ring Figs. l0 and 1.1 1in which case metal rings are applied to prevent :leakage and the like between the Itop and bottom forward and reverse conduits. When attachinga supplementary wheel Vor wheels '.to :the turbines they 'may be formed in :one `with the `main center shaft or wheel dis'k. A suitable brake :may insomecases be provided to bear on the-.outerrim of theturbine .blade boxes.

While in Figs.v :1 to l3 of ythe drawings lonly two sets offorwardand reverse/orifices Vare shown, it will be understood that -a greater numberfof orifices may be 4employed and yit will also be understood that Vvarious other changes in the arrangement \of the parts may be made within the scopeof .the

invention.

What I claim as my invention and-desire Lto secure by Letters P-atentist- 1. Arreversible turbine comprising arotor anda stator7 blades lon the vrotor comprising a .plurality of diagonally arranged hollow 'frames or boxes which are divided 'diagotransverse rows, and a :plurality of pairs of forward and reverse nozzles on or in l'the stator for directing the motive -gas or fluid around or within said boxes.

3. A reversible turbine comprising a rotor and a stator, blades on the rotor comprising a plurality of separately formed diagonally .cumferential webs dividing said 'boxes into iso" arranged hollow frames or boxes, connected In testimony whereof I have hereunto set to said stator by means of dovetail joints, my hand in presence of two subscribing said boXes being divided diagonally and witnesses this fourteenth day of March, 1911.l transversely into sections, and nozzle jets i T. HOWARD HOLROYD.

on the stator adapted to deliver the im- Witnesses: pelling gas or fluid on both their end and J. S. WITHERS, outside faces. T. BLAKEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

